Edmund Burke - Historique des versions

Europa7 : /* Bibliographie */

2025-05-08T15:02:18Z

Bibliographie

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	~~== Bibliographie ==~~

	{{Affiliation\|https://europa-diffusion.com/fr/revolution-francaise/1404-reflexions-sur-la-revolution-de-france.html\|https://europa-diffusion.com/7754-home_default/reflexions-sur-la-revolution-de-france.jpg}}

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Europa7 le 22 août 2024 à 12:46

2024-08-22T12:46:35Z

← Version précédente		Version du 22 août 2024 à 13:46
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	== Citations sur Edmund Burke ==		== Citations sur Edmund Burke ==
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	== Bibliographie ==		== Bibliographie ==

Europa7 : /* Bibliographie */

2023-05-11T17:36:30Z

Bibliographie

← Version précédente		Version du 11 mai 2023 à 18:36
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Europa7 : /* Citations sur Edmund Burke */

2023-02-20T21:21:24Z

Citations sur Edmund Burke

← Version précédente		Version du 20 février 2023 à 22:21
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	== Citations sur Edmund Burke ==		== Citations sur Edmund Burke ==

	~~“In his~~ '~~'Reflections on the French Revolution~~'', ~~[[Edmund Burke]], argued against~~ the ~~‘geometrical’ politics~~, ~~as he called it, of~~ the ~~French revolutionaries — a politics that proposed a rational goal,~~ and ~~a collective procedure for achieving it, and which mobilized~~ the ~~whole of society behind~~ the ~~resulting programme. Burke saw society as an association of~~ the ~~dead,~~ the living ~~and the unborn. Its binding principle~~ is ~~not contract~~, ~~but something more akin~~ to ~~love. '''Society is~~ a ~~shared inheritance~~ for ~~the sake of which we learn to circumscribe our demands, to see our own place in things as part of a continuous chain of giving and receiving'''~~, and to ~~recognize~~ that ~~the good things we receive are not ours~~ to spoil. There is a line of obligation that connects us to those who gave us what we have; and our concern for the future is an extension of that line. We take the future of our community into account not by fictitious cost-benefit calculations, but more concretely, by seeing ourselves as inheriting benefits and passing them on.”		“'''Conservatives endorse Burke’s view of society, as a partnership between the living, the unborn and the dead; they believe in civil association between neighbours rather than intervention by the state; and they accept that the most important thing the living can do is to settle down, to make a home for themselves, and to pass that home to theirs children.'''”
	{{Réf Livre		{{Réf Livre
	\|langue=en		\|langue=en
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	\|année=2014		\|année=2014
	\|ISBN=9781472924001		\|ISBN=9781472924001
	\|page=20}}		\|page=93}}
	:« ~~Dans ses~~ ''~~Réflexions sur~~ la ~~Révolution~~ de ~~France'', [[Edmund~~ Burke~~]] critiquait~~ la ~~politique “géométrique”, telle qu’il la nommait, des révolutionnaires français~~ — ~~une politique qui proposait un but rationnel et une procédure collective pour l’atteindre~~, ~~et qui voulait entraîner l’ensemble de la société derrière le programme qui en résultait. Burke voyait la société comme l’association des~~ morts~~, des vivants~~ et ~~des personnes~~ à naître. Le lien à son fondement n’est pas le contrat, mais quelque chose qui s’apparente davantage à l’amour. '''La société est un héritage partagé pour le bien duquel nous apprenons à circonscrire nos exigences, à considérer notre place dans ~~l’univers comme partie d’une chaîne continue du donner~~ et ~~du recevoir''', et à reconnaître~~ que les ~~bonnes choses dont nous héritons ne sont pas là pour être gâchées. Une ligne d’obligation nous relie à ceux qui nous ont donné ce que nous avons, et notre souci pour l’avenir en~~ est ~~la prolongation. Nous prenons en compte l’avenir~~ de ~~notre communauté non par des calculs de coûts~~ et ~~bénéfices, mais plus concrètement, en nous considérant comme les héritiers~~ de ~~bénéfices que nous devons~~ transmettre. »		:« '''Les conservateurs reprennent à leur compte la conception de Burke de la société — celle d’un partenariat entre les hommes vivants, morts et à naître ; ils croient dans l’association civile entre voisins plutôt qu’à l’intervention de l’État ; et ils reconnaissent que la chose la plus importante que les vivants puissent faire est de s’installer quelque part, d’y fonder un foyer et de le transmettre à leurs enfants.''' »
	:{{Réf Livre		:{{Réf Livre
	\|langue=fr		\|langue=fr
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	\|année=2016		\|année=2016
	\|ISBN=9782810007103		\|ISBN=9782810007103
	\|page=45}}		\|page=150}}

	“'''~~Conservatives endorse Burke’s view~~ of ~~society~~, as a ~~partnership between~~ the ~~living,~~ the ~~unborn and~~ the dead~~; they believe in civil association between neighbours rather than intervention by~~ the ~~state;~~ and ~~they accept that~~ the ~~most important thing~~ the ~~living can do is~~ to ~~settle down~~, to ~~make~~ a ~~home for themselves~~, and to ~~pass~~ that ~~home~~ to ~~theirs children~~.~~'''~~”		“In his ''Reflections on the French Revolution'', [[Edmund Burke]], argued against the ‘geometrical’ politics, as he called it, of the French revolutionaries — a politics that proposed a rational goal, and a collective procedure for achieving it, and which mobilized the whole of society behind the resulting programme. Burke saw society as an association of the dead, the living and the unborn. Its binding principle is not contract, but something more akin to love. '''Society is a shared inheritance for the sake of which we learn to circumscribe our demands, to see our own place in things as part of a continuous chain of giving and receiving''', and to recognize that the good things we receive are not ours to spoil. There is a line of obligation that connects us to those who gave us what we have; and our concern for the future is an extension of that line. We take the future of our community into account not by fictitious cost-benefit calculations, but more concretely, by seeing ourselves as inheriting benefits and passing them on.”
	{{Réf Livre		{{Réf Livre
	\|langue=en		\|langue=en
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	\|année=2014		\|année=2014
	\|ISBN=9781472924001		\|ISBN=9781472924001
	\|page=93}}		\|page=20}}
	:« '''~~Les conservateurs reprennent à leur compte~~ la ~~conception~~ de Burke de la société ~~— celle d’un partenariat entre les hommes~~ vivants~~, morts~~ et à naître ~~; ils croient~~ dans ~~l’association civile entre voisins plutôt qu’à l’intervention de l’État ;~~ et ~~ils reconnaissent~~ que ~~la chose la plus importante~~ que ~~les vivants puissent faire~~ est de ~~s’installer quelque part~~, ~~d’y fonder un foyer et~~ de le transmettre ~~à leurs enfants~~.~~'''~~ »		:« Dans ses ''Réflexions sur la Révolution de France'', [[Edmund Burke]] critiquait la politique “géométrique”, telle qu’il la nommait, des révolutionnaires français — une politique qui proposait un but rationnel et une procédure collective pour l’atteindre, et qui voulait entraîner l’ensemble de la société derrière le programme qui en résultait. Burke voyait la société comme l’association des morts, des vivants et des personnes à naître. Le lien à son fondement n’est pas le contrat, mais quelque chose qui s’apparente davantage à l’amour. '''La société est un héritage partagé pour le bien duquel nous apprenons à circonscrire nos exigences, à considérer notre place dans l’univers comme partie d’une chaîne continue du donner et du recevoir''', et à reconnaître que les bonnes choses dont nous héritons ne sont pas là pour être gâchées. Une ligne d’obligation nous relie à ceux qui nous ont donné ce que nous avons, et notre souci pour l’avenir en est la prolongation. Nous prenons en compte l’avenir de notre communauté non par des calculs de coûts et bénéfices, mais plus concrètement, en nous considérant comme les héritiers de bénéfices que nous devons transmettre. »
	:{{Réf Livre		:{{Réf Livre
	\|langue=fr		\|langue=fr
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	\|année=2016		\|année=2016
	\|ISBN=9782810007103		\|ISBN=9782810007103
	\|page=~~150~~}}		\|page=45}}

	“Burke was satisfied that the French Revolution was thoroughly evil. He condemned it as strongly and as unqualifiedly as we today condemn the Communist revolution. He regarded it as possible that the French Revolution, which conducted “a war against all sects and all religions,” might be victorious and thus that the revolutionary state might exist “as a nuisance on the earth for several hundred years.” He regarded it, therefore, as possible that the victory of the French Revolution might have been decreed by Providence. In accordance with his “secularized” understanding of Providence, he drew from this the conclusion that “if the system of Europe, taking in laws, manners, religion and politics” is doomed, “they, who persist in opposing this mighty current in human affairs [...] will not be resolute and firm, but perverse and obstinate.”		“Burke was satisfied that the French Revolution was thoroughly evil. He condemned it as strongly and as unqualifiedly as we today condemn the Communist revolution. He regarded it as possible that the French Revolution, which conducted “a war against all sects and all religions,” might be victorious and thus that the revolutionary state might exist “as a nuisance on the earth for several hundred years.” He regarded it, therefore, as possible that the victory of the French Revolution might have been decreed by Providence. In accordance with his “secularized” understanding of Providence, he drew from this the conclusion that “if the system of Europe, taking in laws, manners, religion and politics” is doomed, “they, who persist in opposing this mighty current in human affairs [...] will not be resolute and firm, but perverse and obstinate.”

Europa7 le 14 août 2022 à 11:59

2022-08-14T11:59:51Z

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	\|page=~~90-91~~}}		\|page=191}}

	“You see, Sir, that in this enlightened age I am bold enough to confess, that we are generally men of untaught feelings; that, instead of casting away all our old prejudices, we cherish them to a very considerable degree, and, to take more shame to ourselves, we cherish them because they are prejudices; and the longer they have lasted, and the more generally they have prevailed, the more we cherish them. '''We are afraid to put men to live and trade each on his own private stock of reason; because we suspect that this stock in each man is small, and that the individuals would be better to avail themselves of the general bank and capital of nations, and of ages.''' Many of our men of speculation, instead of exploding general prejudices, employ their sagacity to discover the latent wisdom which prevails in them. If they find what they seek, and they seldom fail, they think it more wise to continue the prejudice, with the reason involved, than to cast away the coat of prejudice, and to leave nothing but the naked reason; because prejudice, with its reason, has a motive to give action to that reason, and an affection which will give it permanence. Prejudice is of ready application in the emergency; it previously engages the mind in a steady course of wisdom and virtue and does not leave the man hesitating in the moment of decision, sceptical, puzzled, and unresolved. Prejudice renders a man’s virtue his habit; and not a series of unconnected acts. '''Through just prejudice, his duty becomes a part of his nature.'''”		“You see, Sir, that in this enlightened age I am bold enough to confess, that we are generally men of untaught feelings; that, instead of casting away all our old prejudices, we cherish them to a very considerable degree, and, to take more shame to ourselves, we cherish them because they are prejudices; and the longer they have lasted, and the more generally they have prevailed, the more we cherish them. '''We are afraid to put men to live and trade each on his own private stock of reason; because we suspect that this stock in each man is small, and that the individuals would be better to avail themselves of the general bank and capital of nations, and of ages.''' Many of our men of speculation, instead of exploding general prejudices, employ their sagacity to discover the latent wisdom which prevails in them. If they find what they seek, and they seldom fail, they think it more wise to continue the prejudice, with the reason involved, than to cast away the coat of prejudice, and to leave nothing but the naked reason; because prejudice, with its reason, has a motive to give action to that reason, and an affection which will give it permanence. Prejudice is of ready application in the emergency; it previously engages the mind in a steady course of wisdom and virtue and does not leave the man hesitating in the moment of decision, sceptical, puzzled, and unresolved. Prejudice renders a man’s virtue his habit; and not a series of unconnected acts. '''Through just prejudice, his duty becomes a part of his nature.'''”

Europa7 le 14 août 2022 à 11:55

2022-08-14T11:55:38Z

← Version précédente		Version du 14 août 2022 à 12:55
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	~~“It~~ is impossible not to observe that, in the spirit of this geometrical distribution and arithmetical arrangement, these pretended citizens treat France exactly like a country of conquest. Acting as conquerors, they have imitated the policy of the harshest of that harsh race. The policy of such barbarous victors, who contemn a subdued people and insult their feelings, has ever been, as much as in them lay, to destroy all vestiges of the ancient country, in religion, in polity, in laws, and in manners; to confound all territorial limits; to produce a general poverty; to put up their properties to auction; to crush their princes, nobles, and pontiffs; to lay low everything which had lifted its head above the level, or which could serve to combine or rally, in their distresses, the disbanded people under the standard of old opinion. They have made France free in the manner in which those sincere friends to the rights of mankind, the Romans, freed Greece, Macedon, and other nations. They destroyed the bonds of their union under color of providing for the independence of each of their cities.”		“'''It is impossible not to observe that, in the spirit of this geometrical distribution and arithmetical arrangement, these pretended citizens treat France exactly like a country of conquest.''' Acting as conquerors, they have imitated the policy of the harshest of that harsh race. The policy of such barbarous victors, who contemn a subdued people and insult their feelings, has ever been, as much as in them lay, to destroy all vestiges of the ancient country, in religion, in polity, in laws, and in manners; to confound all territorial limits; to produce a general poverty; to put up their properties to auction; to crush their princes, nobles, and pontiffs; to lay low everything which had lifted its head above the level, or which could serve to combine or rally, in their distresses, the disbanded people under the standard of old opinion. They have made France free in the manner in which those sincere friends to the rights of mankind, the Romans, freed Greece, Macedon, and other nations. They destroyed the bonds of their union under color of providing for the independence of each of their cities.”
	{{Réf Livre		{{Réf Livre
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	\|ISBN=9780199539024		\|ISBN=9780199539024
	\|page=183-184}}		\|page=183-184}}
	:« Il est impossible de ne pas remarquer que ces prétendus citoyens qui découpent géométriquement leur pays et l’organisent arithmétiquement traitent la France exactement comme un pays conquis et se conforment à l’exemple donné par les plus impitoyables des conquérants de jadis. À l’instar des vainqueurs barbares, ils méprisent le peuple vaincu et insultent à ses sentiments ; et comme leurs prédécesseurs, ils ont toujours eu pour politique de détruire, autant qu’il est en leur pouvoir, tous les vestiges qui pourraient rappeler à la nation défaite sa condition d’avant la conquête, sa religion, ses institutions, ses lois, ses mœurs ; de confondre toutes les anciennes limites territoriales ; de produire l’appauvrissement général ; de vendre les propriétés à l’encan, d’écraser les princes, les nobles et les pontifes ; bref, d’abattre tout ce qui se dresserait encore au-dessus du commun, tout ce qui serait encore capable d’unir et de rallier, sous la bannière des idées traditionnelles, un peuple affligé et dispersé. Ils ont donné la liberté à la France de la même manière que les Romains, ces nobles défenseurs des droits du genre humain, la donnèrent à la Grèce, à la Macédoine et à tant d’autres nations, c’est-à-dire en détruisant tout ce qui faisait leur union, sous prétexte d’assurer l’indépendance de chacune de leurs cités. »		:« '''Il est impossible de ne pas remarquer que ces prétendus citoyens qui découpent géométriquement leur pays et l’organisent arithmétiquement traitent la France exactement comme un pays conquis''' et se conforment à l’exemple donné par les plus impitoyables des conquérants de jadis. À l’instar des vainqueurs barbares, ils méprisent le peuple vaincu et insultent à ses sentiments ; et comme leurs prédécesseurs, ils ont toujours eu pour politique de détruire, autant qu’il est en leur pouvoir, tous les vestiges qui pourraient rappeler à la nation défaite sa condition d’avant la conquête, sa religion, ses institutions, ses lois, ses mœurs ; de confondre toutes les anciennes limites territoriales ; de produire l’appauvrissement général ; de vendre les propriétés à l’encan, d’écraser les princes, les nobles et les pontifes ; bref, d’abattre tout ce qui se dresserait encore au-dessus du commun, tout ce qui serait encore capable d’unir et de rallier, sous la bannière des idées traditionnelles, un peuple affligé et dispersé. Ils ont donné la liberté à la France de la même manière que les Romains, ces nobles défenseurs des droits du genre humain, la donnèrent à la Grèce, à la Macédoine et à tant d’autres nations, c’est-à-dire en détruisant tout ce qui faisait leur union, sous prétexte d’assurer l’indépendance de chacune de leurs cités. »
	:{{Réf Livre		:{{Réf Livre
	\|langue=fr		\|langue=fr

Europa7 le 14 août 2022 à 11:43

2022-08-14T11:43:43Z

@@ Ligne 62 : / Ligne 62 : @@
 |ISBN=9780199539024
 |page=183-184}}
 “You see, Sir, that in this enlightened age I am bold enough to confess, that we are generally men of untaught feelings; that, instead of casting away all our old prejudices, we cherish them to a very considerable degree, and, to take more shame to ourselves, we cherish them because they are prejudices; and the longer they have lasted, and the more generally they have prevailed, the more we cherish them. '''We are afraid to put men to live and trade each on his own private stock of reason; because we suspect that this stock in each man is small, and that the individuals would be better to avail themselves of the general bank and capital of nations, and of ages.''' Many of our men of speculation, instead of exploding general prejudices, employ their sagacity to discover the latent wisdom which prevails in them. If they find what they seek, and they seldom fail, they think it more wise to continue the prejudice, with the reason involved, than to cast away the coat of prejudice, and to leave nothing but the naked reason; because prejudice, with its reason, has a motive to give action to that reason, and an affection which will give it permanence. Prejudice is of ready application in the emergency; it previously engages the mind in a steady course of wisdom and virtue and does not leave the man hesitating in the moment of decision, sceptical, puzzled, and unresolved. Prejudice renders a man’s virtue his habit; and not a series of unconnected acts. '''Through just prejudice, his duty becomes a part of his nature.'''”

Europa7 : /* Citations */

2022-08-14T10:33:50Z

Citations

← Version précédente		Version du 14 août 2022 à 11:33
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	\|section=Lettre de M. Burke sur les affaires de France et des Pays-Bas ; adressée à M. le vicomte de Rivarol, 1er juin 1791		\|section=Lettre de M. Burke sur les affaires de France et des Pays-Bas ; adressée à M. le vicomte de Rivarol, 1er juin 1791
	\|page=323}}		\|page=323}}

			“It is impossible not to observe that, in the spirit of this geometrical distribution and arithmetical arrangement, these pretended citizens treat France exactly like a country of conquest. Acting as conquerors, they have imitated the policy of the harshest of that harsh race. The policy of such barbarous victors, who contemn a subdued people and insult their feelings, has ever been, as much as in them lay, to destroy all vestiges of the ancient country, in religion, in polity, in laws, and in manners; to confound all territorial limits; to produce a general poverty; to put up their properties to auction; to crush their princes, nobles, and pontiffs; to lay low everything which had lifted its head above the level, or which could serve to combine or rally, in their distresses, the disbanded people under the standard of old opinion. They have made France free in the manner in which those sincere friends to the rights of mankind, the Romans, freed Greece, Macedon, and other nations. They destroyed the bonds of their union under color of providing for the independence of each of their cities.”
			{{Réf Livre
			\|langue=en
			\|auteur=Edmund Burke
			\|titre=Reflections on the Revolution in France
			\|année d'origine=1790
			\|éditeur=Oxford University Press
			\|collection=Oxford World’s Classics
			\|année=2009
			\|ISBN=9780199539024
			\|page=183-184}}

	“You see, Sir, that in this enlightened age I am bold enough to confess, that we are generally men of untaught feelings; that, instead of casting away all our old prejudices, we cherish them to a very considerable degree, and, to take more shame to ourselves, we cherish them because they are prejudices; and the longer they have lasted, and the more generally they have prevailed, the more we cherish them. '''We are afraid to put men to live and trade each on his own private stock of reason; because we suspect that this stock in each man is small, and that the individuals would be better to avail themselves of the general bank and capital of nations, and of ages.''' Many of our men of speculation, instead of exploding general prejudices, employ their sagacity to discover the latent wisdom which prevails in them. If they find what they seek, and they seldom fail, they think it more wise to continue the prejudice, with the reason involved, than to cast away the coat of prejudice, and to leave nothing but the naked reason; because prejudice, with its reason, has a motive to give action to that reason, and an affection which will give it permanence. Prejudice is of ready application in the emergency; it previously engages the mind in a steady course of wisdom and virtue and does not leave the man hesitating in the moment of decision, sceptical, puzzled, and unresolved. Prejudice renders a man’s virtue his habit; and not a series of unconnected acts. '''Through just prejudice, his duty becomes a part of his nature.'''”		“You see, Sir, that in this enlightened age I am bold enough to confess, that we are generally men of untaught feelings; that, instead of casting away all our old prejudices, we cherish them to a very considerable degree, and, to take more shame to ourselves, we cherish them because they are prejudices; and the longer they have lasted, and the more generally they have prevailed, the more we cherish them. '''We are afraid to put men to live and trade each on his own private stock of reason; because we suspect that this stock in each man is small, and that the individuals would be better to avail themselves of the general bank and capital of nations, and of ages.''' Many of our men of speculation, instead of exploding general prejudices, employ their sagacity to discover the latent wisdom which prevails in them. If they find what they seek, and they seldom fail, they think it more wise to continue the prejudice, with the reason involved, than to cast away the coat of prejudice, and to leave nothing but the naked reason; because prejudice, with its reason, has a motive to give action to that reason, and an affection which will give it permanence. Prejudice is of ready application in the emergency; it previously engages the mind in a steady course of wisdom and virtue and does not leave the man hesitating in the moment of decision, sceptical, puzzled, and unresolved. Prejudice renders a man’s virtue his habit; and not a series of unconnected acts. '''Through just prejudice, his duty becomes a part of his nature.'''”
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	{{Center\|Edmund Burke 3\|}}		{{Center\|Edmund Burke 3\|}}

	== Citations sur Edmund Burke ==		== Citations sur Edmund Burke ==

Europa7 : /* Citations sur Edmund Burke */

2022-08-14T10:23:45Z

Citations sur Edmund Burke

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 {{Center|Edmund Burke 3|}}
 == Citations sur Edmund Burke ==
 “In his ''Reflections on the French Revolution'', [[Edmund Burke]], argued against the ‘geometrical’ politics, as he called it, of the French revolutionaries — a politics that proposed a rational goal, and a collective procedure for achieving it, and which mobilized the whole of society behind the resulting programme. Burke saw society as an association of the dead, the living and the unborn. Its binding principle is not contract, but something more akin to love. '''Society is a shared inheritance for the sake of which we learn to circumscribe our demands, to see our own place in things as part of a continuous chain of giving and receiving''', and to recognize that the good things we receive are not ours to spoil. There is a line of obligation that connects us to those who gave us what we have; and our concern for the future is an extension of that line. We take the future of our community into account not by fictitious cost-benefit calculations, but more concretely, by seeing ourselves as inheriting benefits and passing them on.”
@@ Ligne 292 : / Ligne 269 : @@
 |ISBN=9782081218901
 |page=274}}
 == Bibliographie ==

Europa7 le 11 juin 2022 à 17:02

2022-06-11T17:02:54Z

← Version précédente		Version du 11 juin 2022 à 18:02
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	{{Center\|Edmund Burke 2\|}}		{{Center\|Edmund Burke 2\|}}
	{{Center\|Edmund Burke 3\|}}		{{Center\|Edmund Burke 3\|}}
	== ~~Citationes de~~ Edmund Burke ==		== Citations sur Edmund Burke ==

	« Burke a pu être conservateur. Les progrès du “progrès” obligent à être réactionnaire. »		« Burke a pu être conservateur. Les progrès du “progrès” obligent à être réactionnaire. »

Edmund Burke - Historique des versions

Europa7 : /* Bibliographie */

Europa7 le 22 août 2024 à 12:46

Europa7 : /* Bibliographie */

Europa7 : /* Citations sur Edmund Burke */

Europa7 le 14 août 2022 à 11:59

Europa7 le 14 août 2022 à 11:55

Europa7 le 14 août 2022 à 11:43

Europa7 : /* Citations */

Europa7 : /* Citations sur Edmund Burke */

Europa7 le 11 juin 2022 à 17:02

Europa7 : /* Bibliographie */

Europa7 : /* Bibliographie */

Europa7 : /* Citations sur Edmund Burke */

Europa7 : /* Citations */

Europa7 : /* Citations sur Edmund Burke */